Genetic and biochemical markers in Emphysema

Aim of the present study to evaluate the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), also known as chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD), is a group of diseases characterized by the pathological limitation of airflow in the airway that is not fully reversible. Emphysema is a multifactorial disorder and involves interplay of genetic, inflammatory and oxidative factors during its progression. The study has the following objectives. To identify the polymorphic variants of TNF α and MMP3 with the disease. To understand the role of oxidants (Nitrate/Nitrite) and antioxidant (Ceruloplasmin) in the etiology of emphysema. To evaluate the role of the inflammatory marker (hs-CRP) in emphysema. It is most often due to tobacco smoking but can be due to other airborne irritants such as coal dust, asbestos, or solvents as well as congenital conditions such as alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. It is the 4th leading cause of death in the U.S.